"... Of the Rock I asked for the Moon
And it gave me everything..."
Stephanie Bodet
Climb Injury Free
A Goal or a dream?
Once, during a lecture, I shared a personal example about the negative effects of pushing yourself too hard. Someone from the audience raised their hand and asked, “Sorry, maybe I missed it, but what was at stake? Competitions? Are you a professional?” I couldn’t help but giggle a bit. Nope, none of that. What fired through my mind was, “What is at stake? Oh, just self-worth, happiness, the feeling of agency and point of existence?” which I, fortunately, didn’t say out loud.
If you are a climber or closely related to one, you will know that this activity has a strange kind of magic. Magic to lure you in, hook you up, and even though your career and income don’t depend on it, surely happiness and… just about everything else in life does. So why not use all the tools available to help us maintain a joyful practice of something we care about so much?
I have experienced my fair share of injuries and have gone through many stages of coping with them. I often dealt with them through denial. At times, my only response was anger. I felt like a victim of misfortunate circumstances, shouting, “Why me?” and “It’s not fair” while looking up, taped-up hands pointing at the skies. I blamed myself and my body. There were moments when I thought I didn’t climb hard enough to deserve an injury (hello, weirdo). This may not come as a surprise; none of it worked. Things started to turn around only when I began learning more about psychology. The most influential was becoming aware of the significant role that mindset and motivation play in maintaining physical and mental health.
In the following paragraphs, I will explore the stages of pre-injury, sustaining an injury, recovery, and post-injury, delving into the crucial role of mindset and motivation in maintaining a healthy relationship between our mind, body, and climbing. The lifespan of an injury is a complex dynamic process of cognitive, emotional, and behavioral reactions. (Diane M. Wiese-Bjornstal et al., 2020) Psychological tools and interventions we can use to influence those reactions are interconnected and mutually beneficial, establishing a foundation for a resilient body and curious mind.
​
Mindset, Common Narratives
​
​
I was escaping the gray winter of the Netherlands by climbing in Greece and Turkey. Between those trips, I was going to the US to complete my training as The Warrior’s Way trainer, a program that focuses on mental training for climbers. Expectations were high. After a month of climbing in Greece, I felt strong. I climbed my hardest basically every climbing day. I was excited about arriving in the US at my best. Healthy mindset, feeling strong and psyched as ever - dressed to impress. On the first day of climbing in the US, the third warm-up route, out of nowhere, I felt an unbearable pain in my finger. I would have gone into full-on panic if I wasn’t so jet-legged. How will I get through this? All the Warrior’s Way training, planned climbing days in between, and a month of climbing in Turkey to come! Why is this happening to me? Why now? Luckily, I knew better than to ignore it. Writing this article helped me as a way of self-coaching through challenging times and as a reminder. It’s the goodie bag that comes with being a climbing coach with a free sample of responsibility to practice what I preach.
​
​
Many climbers can probably relate to feeling pain at least once and thinking, what if they are exaggerating and take a step back for nothing, losing time instead of chasing gains? However, if you look at it objectively, continuing training doesn’t always mean progression, and addressing an injury doesn’t mean total and immediate regression. A particular ethos present in many sports, including climbing, is the belief that if you want something badly enough, work hard for it, and endure as much as you can, you will achieve. Achievement becomes the trophy for overcoming adversity, the sole focus, and the light at the end of the tunnel, which can blindsight even the best.
​
Some injuries are indeed inevitable. Pushing personal limits lies on this thin line between pushing enough and pushing too much. Many professional coaches will say you are probably at your best or strongest when you get injured. This is why it carries so much psychological load with itself. You can catch yourself thinking, “Yes, I’ve got this. I am leveling up,” and then suddenly, you are stuck doing physio exercises for the next month/s. It always comes as a surprise, a shock. Even if somewhere in the back of your mind, a notion lurks that this might happen, very few are prepared to face the bad news. But understanding the inevitability of some injuries can help you prepare for them, reducing the shock and anxiety when they occur.
​
​
​
​Before, preventing a sport injury
​
​
Reflecting on it, I have pushed myself too much, and honestly, I was aware of it. Climbing hard is fun; I will be the last to deny it. Sometimes, it is hard to step on the brakes. However, as I mentioned, I became increasingly aware of the potential danger and haven’t honored it. If I am being sincere, the idea of moving through grades happening quicker than I expected was too flattering not to go with it. Sometimes it’s ok to see how far we can push even if it ends up being too much if we remember and apply lessons learned.
​
​
Prevention is better than cure, a piece of wisdom we have all heard many times. While not everything unwanted can be prevented, investing in prevention can improve your odds. Questioning core motivation, values, and ways you approach climbing can help develop a crucial aspect of the mental training foundation: self-awareness. Doing so can reduce your psychological susceptibility and vulnerability to sports injury. This can further influence the risk and rate of injury.
Both/and instead of either/or
​
Every climber can benefit from (re)defining their relationship to climbing and finding a balance between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Intrinsic or learning-based motivation, which some like to call a mastery approach, is tied to a growth mindset. This is important because growth-minded individuals perceive task setbacks as a necessary part of the learning process, and they “bounce back” by increasing their motivational efforts (Betsy Ng, 2018). Perceiving an injury as a minor setback rather than a detrimental event has a significant influence on how you might approach a niggle.
​
For effective training, finding a balance between training and recovery is crucial. The same principle applies when managing your motivation. It is important to carefully balance being motivated by achievement and being motivated by learning. Achievement goals are there to inspire you and give you direction. They can add fuel and increase the drive that gets you to a crag or a gym to do that torturous power endurance protocol or core training. The key is knowing when it’s time to let go of the focus on the outcome and shift your attention towards learning. To learn, you need to be in tune with your body. When your body signals it’s hurting, it’s important to listen. If your body hurts, it cannot learn by forcing it into compliance. It's the same when your forearms are pumped. You can try to crimp, but your hands will open as flower petals. Wanting more is motivating, but needing more can become distressing.
​
With strong intrinsic motivation comes an appreciation for longevity. It’s never really “now or never” or “all-or-nothing.” It’s more like, “It’s nice if it’s now, but it could take a little while longer, and that’s ok because I am learning each step of the way.” It's not as punchy, but it's a little more constructive. How to make the shift?
​​
Attention shift - body awareness
​
If you start feeling an injury creeping up, you can set an intention before a session, route, or a boulder. Take a few breaths and set an intention to keep your focus on the area where you feel pain while climbing. Notice what happens, how it changes, whether the pain increases, and when. This practice can help you become more aware of how you use your body and the feedback that the body is giving you. Climbers are very good at postponing their visit to a physical therapy professional, thinking, “It’s not that bad (yet).” There are masters of self-deception among us. Deliberately choosing to investigate a reoccurring pain will make it hard to ignore it.
​
This could be especially helpful if feeling a tweak pushes many panic buttons. You may avoid addressing the problem by continuing as if nothing happened, or you may dramatically seize all the activity. Neither addresses the problem right in front of you. Investigating the sensations can give you insight into the seriousness of pain (or lack thereof).
Mindset shift – value-guided action
​
Ask yourself - Is climbing itself fulfilling a need? Or is achieving a goal fulfilling a need? Desiring shortcuts may indicate that your attention is more focused on the future, on being where you want to be, instead of the effort needed to get you there. This effort sometimes looks like taking a step back to check in with your physical and mental well-being. Suppose the goal represents what you want to achieve—experiment by asking yourself why you set that particular goal in the first place. Write down your answer and ask why again. Repeat the cycle until the answer reflects the value the goal has for you rather than the goal itself. Keep this as a guideline.
​
Climbers often say that pursuing higher grades reflects an appreciation for progress, but the definition of progress can be very flexible. Progress can be getting physically stronger, becoming more patient, learning to push harder, or just becoming more intentional. One condition for progress is staying engaged in the present challenge and not wishing it away. It’s about being the best we can give the circumstances that will forever change.
​
​
During, treating a sports injury
​
​
After realizing I was most surely dealing with a serious finger injury, I went through a rollercoaster of emotions. Denial was my first response. I was very self-conscious about expressing how I felt. I feared feeling defeated and the impression my reaction could leave on the people I’d just met and whose opinions mattered to me. Then, I felt isolated and lonely, so I broke down and cried. It was a way of realizing I needed support, which was ok. Breathing deeply between sobbing, I thought, “Ok, you’ve got this; you know what to do.” I knew what to do even though I wasn’t excited about it because it was hard. It was time for acceptance and an attention shift. The most important things became healing and finding ways to have a good time regardless.
​
​
So, it happened. The future may seem very grim now, but that’s okay. Adjusting to the situation takes energy, and you must give yourself time and space. Significant changes cause strong emotions, and they deserve to be felt. Conflicting emotions can appear and coexist. In this brief period, it’s best not to argue with them. Let them be for a while. Seek support from people you trust. Verbalize your feelings, disappointment, and fears. Normalize saying – I realize that … (name of the project, grade, training goals, holiday plans) will not happen right now because I first need to heal. Feel bummed about it; it makes sense. There will be more than enough time to get proactive after the storm has passed. Whatever you feel right now, you won’t feel like that forever.
Attention shift – let the body heal
​
After the storm, you can shift your attention from “it’s not fair” and “what could’ve been” to what is now. The process of rehabilitation is never linear; the only way is up kind of thing. It’s important to acknowledge heavy emotions whenever they pop up again. However, focusing on what you can influence, such as recovery, types of training that are still possible, and mental training, is empowering. One of the most important things is to develop trust in one’s own body that it will heal. Some climbers might overdo their rehabilitation, still clinging onto a “more is better” mindset and trying to “aid” the recovery to speed up the process. This is not only unnecessary but can often be counterproductive. It would be best if you could learn to trust your body to climb, get stronger, and recover. Overtraining and persisting fear of re-injury are some of the displays of mistrust in the body’s ability to manage and find balance.
​
Mindset shift – from tunnel vision to adjustment
​
It can be helpful to question which needs climbing fulfilled. How do you get those needs met without climbing for a while? Could this anyway be useful to maintain and release some of the pressure climbing activity carries? How you think about yourself and what is important to you determines your responses and behavior. If your happiness and well-being rely solely on climbing, then a lot is at stake if you suddenly must cease practicing, even temporarily. While passion, obsession, and total commitment are admirable and feel amazing, your sense of self (self-worth, safety, and self-realization) must be based on a more stable foundation rather than depending on one activity. Climbing might be the most important thing to you, but it does not entirely define who you are. I sometimes joke that I breathe, love, work, and live climbing, but I know now (at least most of the time) that I exist outside of it.
​
No matter how motivated you are, sometimes it is hard to stick to the rehab program. Those exercises are indeed not the most thrilling part of the sport. Lack of motivation (amotivation) can come from not valuing an activity, not feeling competent to do it, and not expecting it to yield a particular outcome (Ryan & Deci, 2000). What can help develop therapy adherence is seeing some exercises and behaviors as a general mindset shift instead of a consequence, a chore. You want to support your body in getting better, stronger, more skilled, and more robust, not force it into compliance. Any recovery work is an investment, and it can be important to maintain it, not do it only when it’s an absolute necessity. Use this time to begin creating new habits. An injury can be an incentive for change.
​
The shift you want to make is from repairing to restoring. You can stick some tape on a leaking bucket (literally and metaphorically), but how come the bucket started leaking in the first place? Bad quality, too much pressure, too much load, too long wear and tear, etc.? Recovery is a process of adjustment, addressing the cause, and treating the symptoms. During this rebuilding process, revisit which old ways served you well and which are due to be replaced. Why train on the same days, same hours, week after week? Why certain protocols? Are you still having fun, or is it mostly about numbers? Are you feeling stronger after all that training? Are you looking forward to the sessions? Do you need to replace the bucket or not (only metaphorically)?
After, returning to sport
​
​
For a while, I thought I processed what happened and adjusted my goals and expectations. This is a tricky process that requires a lot of checking in. I left the US feeling proud of how I handled it, but I wasn’t prepared at all for how it would be arriving in Turkey at a campsite packed with strong and dedicated climbers. After one day of playing with the idea of ignoring my injury, I realized I needed to sit down and have a chat with myself (and a local physio), again. Getting on a project I wanted could not justify developing another chronic injury and not being able to climb for the rest of the trip or when I got back home. I took the lessons learned and decided to own them. If it will be warmups for the whole month then I’ll climb them all. And I did that. I climbed the most routes I’ve ever climbed in one trip. Ultimately, I even got to work on one of the climbs I initially wanted to do. I was still too injured for a send-go, but did those few days feel good. By staying patient and kind to myself, I developed trust in knowing how far I can push and when it is time to stop.
​
​
Returning to (hard)climbing can be tough because there is never a clear point where recovery stops, and the old climbing life continues. The healing process slowly blends in with resuming the pre-injury activities and load. You gain self-confidence and self-efficacy in a successful recovery through experience. You build experience by taking small incremental steps, slowly building strength and trust.
​
Catastrophizing how much you’ve lost can occur quickly after returning to climbing. It can appear already during the rehabilitation and make you return to climbing with almost a panicky attitude of closing the performance gap. This is why working on the mentioned mindset shifts before an injury occurs and during rehab is essential. Setting realistic process goals next to big inspiring goals is helpful. Take a moment to re-assess where you are without judgment and construct a path towards progress and improvement - from where you are, not from where you were. Becoming a better climber is not a matter of all-or-nothing, or you are progressing or regressing. It’s an intricate, non-linear process. It’s dynamic and asks for constant readjustment. Kind of like the process of healing. Would it be as fun otherwise?
​
What makes you a better climber is not completing a project or leveling up but all the stuff you did to get to that point. It’s the skill acquisition along the way. It’s practicing and applying those new skills after finishing a project; for that, you must stay in one piece.
​
You slowly came full circle. What you need to pay attention to when returning to sport and before an injury is similar. What do you want to achieve and maintain?
​
-
The mindset shifts from “all-or-nothing” and “now-or-never” towards longevity and from a tunnel vision toward a bigger perspective.
-
Building a balance between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation.
-
Body awareness – Make sure your mind and your feet are in the same place. Your mind can want everything, everywhere, all at once, but your body has limited resources and can only be in the present. Learn how to listen to what it tells you.
-
Mental flexibility—Adjusting goals and changing directions while maintaining your psyche takes time and practice. Defining your values can guide you in this process.
-
Injury is a symptom. Check-in for the cause.
​
Stay intentional
​
It’s easy to get into a pitfall of - Glad that’s over - and return to the same way of doing things. Setting intentions before climbing and training can help serve as a reminder. What are your values, why do you climb, and what do you want and need from climbing? Take a moment and pause. Reassess your approach to climbing and check in regularly to see if it serves you well.
​
Building trust in the resilience of your body and mind and awareness of its boundaries is more robust than any sports tape. Respect for the limitations and boundaries of both is crucial for maintaining physical and mental health.
*Photographs by Jacoline Zilverschoon
​
References
​
Cheadle, C. J., & Kuzma, C. (2019). *Rebound: Train Your Mind to Bounce Back Stronger from Sports Injuries. *
​
Ng, Betsy. (2018). The Neuroscience of Growth Mindset and Intrinsic Motivation. Brain Sciences. DOI: 10.3390/brainsci8010020.
​
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. *American Psychologist*, 55(1), 68–78. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.68
​
Wiese-Bjornstal, D. M., Wood, K. N., & Kronzer, J. R. (2020). Sports Injuries and Psychological Sequelae. doi:10.1002/9781119568124.ch34